Teach my about rivers and appropriate boats

Joe Spoo

Member
I'll preface this post that I have always hunted water and out of boats, and even some good sized lakes. With that being said rivers scare me, and rivers when the temps are single digits or below scare me even more. I'm looking for suggestions on boats and motors for hunting a river that stays open well after everything else freezes. I'd like to stay away from the monster boat with the huge engine but will likely need something that allows for supplemental heat for man and beast. There are a couple of areas you can launch a small boat and avoid the main channels that also stay open late...

Any suggestions on crafts and best ways to learn a river (to be done in the summer).

Thanks,
Joe
 
Joe. Just you or will you be looking to be taking other hunters

Which river? How deep? What kind of boat traffic in the winter? Length of run you expect?

Steve
 
Joe, I am in the same shape. Good request and I will be watching this one close. Several friends have been after me to hunt the river and it spooks me too. I'm no stranger to water but when there is a current, barges and changing conditions things can get nasty in a hurry.
 
Basically, if the river scares you that much...stay off it.
Though..............rivers are very cool and very productive for duck hunting. Rivers are my favorite bodies of water to scull. Big rivers are cool and my favorites are the small/meandering rivers but they can be the most dangerous. You need to learn the water.
You need to work them during the summer with people who can be "hands on" with you.
Any boat can get you in trouble. You need to know what a boat will do in any situation. Sometimes you won't know until it's too late and you have to be prepared for that...worst case scenario thing.
Post some questions and what you fear.
Lou
 
Good wisdom Lou.

Current adds an interesting dimension to river hunting. Probably more for the decoys than the boat but, hunt sometime when the wind is opposite the current. It does funny things to your decoy lines. The upshot is, current keeps the water open during freeze up...

Be smart, pick your days and be safe. They're only ducks, not worth dying for... Pat
 
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I am assuming you will be running in the dark to come and go from boat ramp to your hunting destinations, so, a good handheld rechargeable spotlight, with a backup light, is a primary piece of equipment for you to have onboard at ALL times. When you are underway, use it to determine if there are any deadheads floating in your course. ALWAYS assume that whenever the water level has risen, woody debris will be liberated from the floodplain and be potentially present in the navigation channel.

For heaters, I prefer a Coleman catylitic with a vertical stand added to the disposable propane tank rather than the wire support bracket that comes with these. You can heat-up water or soup on the heater's surface and it offers a flameless source of warmth. That said, always keep in mind that gas fumes are heavier than air and will sink and accumulate in the boat's interiors-do not ignite your heater after refilling your tank until you have sufficiently moved some air through the boat, or add an external fill spout to the boat's hull. A good push pole, a boat hook, as well as an outboard that offers shallow water drive settings is a must. I carry all the USCG safety and signalling equipment required in an 18' hull as well, even though I hunt out of a TDB-14 classic. When running with the blind up, I remove my front blind panel and clip it on the port side so I have a clear sight channel off my bow when underway. A tiller handle extendsion is a nice aide, but I would encourage you to not run the boat from a standing position under any low-light or limited visibility conditions. Use your Dead-Man tether on the outboard kill switch.

Since it appears you haven't operated a boat in waters open to commercial navigation, I would encourage you to take a Coast Guard Auxillary Boater's Safety Course or, at minimum, pick-up a stick-on applique' with all of the Aids to Navigation displayed on it, along with an explanation of what these lights, buoys, and daymarks represent-memorize the Navigation Aids that indicate inshore navigation hazards and run the river section you plan to hunt in daylight to determine if any of these are present. Attach this somewhere in the boat where you can reference it. If you get on the river in the morning in half-light a couple of times, you will gain experience in using navigation aids in poor light as well as having the luxury of returning to the ramp in daylight, further familiarizing yourself with the river sections you will be hunting. Running in the navigation channel course is also a little safer from a deadhead collision perspective, since barge and ship traffic will physically displace these to off-channel river sections.

If you will be carrying a lot of decoys along with the dog and a hunting partner, again load the boat with all its intended contents and get on the water in daylight to determine how the boat's load will impact handling characteristics. Also, add a rubber mallet to your toolbox. This can be used to break-off any ice build-up on the hull and decking, which can also radically alter how the boat will handle. Practice backing and manuevering in high current and low current areas with the boat loaded to get a feel for the range of speeds that will enable you to maintain control.

A very simplistic model of how moving water dissipates kinetic energy is to view a river as a standard sign-wave. As water moves downslope in a river's channel, bedload and suspended sediment loads will vary with current speed. Current scour, and therefore channel depth, will always be greatest on the outside of a bend in the river's channel. Potential sandbar and shoreline snag sites are the inside of these bends, usually a third of the way around the bend.

From a waterfowker's standpoint, get on GoogleEarth and look over the river sections you plan to hunt. Note the year the photo was taken(usually located on the bottom margin of the Screenshot). Look for isolated oxbows and mark the Lat/long coordinates down for these sites so you can scout them in the field by referencing their locations on a handheld GPS. These are great duck holding waters, as are sandbars on the downstrean leg of islands, and sandbars on the backside of river bends. Look for oats and cut-corn in the adjacent farm fields and you have the recipe ingredients for Duck and Goose hotspots. In cold weather birds will roost very close to their food sources. Waterfowl feeding in cornfields need a boatload of water to aide in digestion. As still water ponds and lakes freeze-up river courses become major roost sites for ducks and geese.

Good luck and stay safe.

If you
 
I wouldn't go smaller than a 14' deep V and an 18-20hp motor if you are running more than a mile from the ramp. Something with some freeboard would be the direction I would go, but others will likely offer different opinions. I am assuming you will be running in the dark to come and go from boat ramp to your hunting destinations, so, a good handheld rechargeable spotlight, with a backup light, is a primary piece of equipment for you to have onboard at ALL times. When you are underway, use it to determine if there are any deadheads floating in your course. ALWAYS assume that whenever the water level has risen, woody debris will be liberated from the floodplain and be potentially present in the navigation channel. There are some nice low-draw LED light banks for sale now that mount permanently on the bow and throw a wide and penetrating beam.

For heaters, I prefer a Coleman catylitic with a vertical stand added to the disposable propane tank rather than the wire support bracket that comes with these. You can heat-up water or soup on the heater's surface and it offers a flameless source of warmth. That said, always keep in mind that gas fumes are heavier than air and will sink and accumulate in the boat's interiors-do not ignite your heater after refilling your tank until you have sufficiently moved some air through the boat, or add an external fill spout to the boat's hull. A good push pole, a boat hook, as well as an outboard that offers shallow water drive settings is a must. I carry all the USCG safety and signalling equipment required in an 18' hull as well, even though I hunt out of a TDB-14 classic. When running with the blind up, I remove my front blind panel and clip it on the port side so I have a clear sight channel off my bow when underway. A tiller handle extendsion is a nice aide, but I would encourage you to not run the boat from a standing position under any low-light or limited visibility conditions. Use your Dead-Man tether on the outboard kill switch.

Since it appears you haven't operated a boat in waters open to commercial navigation, I would encourage you to take a Coast Guard Auxillary Boater's Safety Course or, at minimum, pick-up a stick-on applique' with all of the Aids to Navigation displayed on it, along with an explanation of what these lights, buoys, and daymarks represent-memorize the Navigation Aids that indicate inshore navigation hazards and run the river section you plan to hunt in daylight to determine if any of these are present. Attach this somewhere in the boat where you can reference it. If you get on the river in the morning in half-light a couple of times, you will gain experience in using navigation aids in poor light as well as having the luxury of returning to the ramp in daylight, further familiarizing yourself with the river sections you will be hunting. Running in the navigation channel course is also a little safer from a deadhead collision perspective, since barge and ship traffic will physically displace these to off-channel river sections.

If you will be carrying a lot of decoys along with the dog and a hunting partner, again load the boat with all its intended contents and get on the water in daylight to determine how the boat's load will impact handling characteristics. Also, add a rubber mallet to your toolbox. This can be used to break-off any ice build-up on the hull and decking, which can also radically alter how the boat will handle. Practice backing and manuevering in high current and low current areas with the boat loaded to get a feel for the range of speeds that will enable you to maintain control.

A very simplistic model of how moving water dissipates kinetic energy is to view a river as a standard sign-wave. As water moves downslope in a river's channel, bedload and suspended sediment loads will vary with current speed. Current scour, and therefore channel depth, will always be greatest on the outside of a bend in the river's channel. Potential sandbar and shoreline snag sites are the inside of these bends, usually a third of the way around the bend.

From a waterfowker's standpoint, get on GoogleEarth and look over the river sections you plan to hunt. Note the year the photo was taken(usually located on the bottom margin of the Screenshot). Look for isolated oxbows and mark the Lat/long coordinates down for these sites so you can scout them in the field by referencing their locations on a handheld GPS. These are great duck holding waters, as are sandbars on the downstrean leg of islands, and sandbars on the backside of river bends. Look for oats and cut-corn in the adjacent farm fields and you have the recipe ingredients for Duck and Goose hotspots. In cold weather birds will roost very close to their food sources. Waterfowl feeding in cornfields need a boatload of water to aide in digestion. As still water ponds and lakes freeze-up river courses become major roost sites for ducks and geese.

Good luck and stay safe.

If you
 
Sound advice Lou

Winter is no time to learn a river but you could start by getting navigational charts of the river you plan to hunt. Many channels are fairly narrow . Tide and current must also be factored in ,though i doubt tide will be an issue in SD:)
Decoy placement and shot selection also change.
 
Joe,
I'm sure our fellow duckboaters will give some great tips for safe river hunts. Once you decide on a boat, I would suggest you make your early hunts not solo, but with another boat joining you until you feel safe. Even though you don't have to set up next to one another, having another boat within radio contact is reassuring. Lately when hunting alone in my boat, especially the late season in northern Michigan, I no longer hunt to sunset and decoy pickup, which starts the onset of darkness. Having any mechanical issues as it's getting cold and dark is never a positive.

Good luck, rivers can offer some great shooting.
Louie.
 
Rivers are about all I hunted. You have to learn how to read the river. Go out during the summer and just look at how everything reacts to the current. Look at how that log makes the water boil. Same as the wing dams. Something is causing that water to react the way it is.

An anchor and about 100 feet of rope is a must. People go through dams ever year it seems. And DIE! All they would have needed is an anchor and used it and would have lived when their boat dies. And a Sharp! knife for when you have to cut that anchor rope if needed. Always carry spare plugs and a basic tool set.
 
If you will mostly solo or just with a dog and no other hunters I would recomend an Estuary. Nice solid rig that can handle some rough stuff safely. Get the best motor you can afford and take care of it. If you will be hunting with another guy go with a TDB or something similar. Just my opinion.
 
Hi Joe,

I've been hunting and trapping on rivers for over 50 years and I have learned a few things. As I've thought about your question, the hard part is condensing an answer in a post such as this.

Current is not something to fear in and of itself but it's dynamic energy must be respected - all the time. Because of that current you can never be positive that the bottom of the river is the same today as it was last year or even last week. Particularly in times of flooding when whole trees can be moved.

The most common issue I have had hunting on rivers is underwater obstacles like stumps, logs, rock piles, and even shifting sandbars. Sometimes it's not that the current moved something into my path but that the level of the water fell just enough for me to hit whatever was there that I passed over 100 times already.

The other obstacle related issue that I don't normally contend with in the bigger rivers I hunt now is that of sweepers, log jams, and the like on the surface of the water. Anything on the surface, or immediately under it, that can stop a drifting boat is very dangerous as the current can and will flip a boat in an instant if you let yourself get jammed up against it. Again, no need to fear them but a healthy respect is warranted. Always look as far ahead of you as you can and pick a suitable route that won't get you in trouble.

As far as equipment, a very stable boat first of all and one that is very stable when heavily loaded as well. You never know when you might have to motor back to the landing with your boat covered in 1/2 inch of ice. Jon boats have a history on rivers though if you go that route make sure it's a wide one. I operated a 14x48 jon for many years and it scared me more and more as I got older. Secondly a motor that is ultimately reliable and my personal preference is electric start. A 10 degree day is no place for an iffy motor. Many guys run a surface drive like a go-devil or a short tail to eliminate much of the underwater obstacles. I've always run a conventional outboard but do see the advantages of the surface drives. A spare prop or shear pins. I have a Mr. Buddy heater that I mounted to the inside of the coaming that works well though I don't use it often.

As Steve indicated, without knowing more specifics of your situation it's difficult to make more than general recommendations. Each river has it's own personality and issues. What you might want to do is hang out at the landings on the river you plan on hunting the most and take a look at what other guys are running and ask questions. River specific equipment will become readily apparent.

Running your rig in the summer will tell you alot. What you and your boat are comfortable with in terms of current and conditions. Also, running in mid to late summer when vegetation is the highest will let you see where the shallow areas are - either map out or fix in your mind where the deepest channels are because in November it's all going to be water and no veg.

When hunting on rivers in single digits you can't be too prepared, from your boat, motor, safety equipment, and your dog.

Hunting a dog in those conditions - cold, current and ice is another subject that takes a chapter to write about. I think I'll save that discussion for later.

River hunting in the ice is one of my most favorite times of the season. Unfortunately it is short lived and this year mostly non-existent do to the early onset of extreme temps. That and I don't have a dog at the moment.




 
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Joe,


If you've hunted on the water and out of boats for a while, you no doubt are a good judge of what the appropriate capacity of any given boat will be as well as what will be needed to pull it and get up & down a ramp under different conditions. I know you also know the value of a well trained retriever, and the most appropriate times to send him/her. Once that's settled, based on what your ability to get all that together occurs, here's what I'd offer:

One of the best ways to spend your time is to isolate the stretches of river that you plan on hunting, and familiarize yourself with the ramps and reliable "put-ins", and their proximity to locations you evaluate as good to hunt. Leave it to say that when weather conditions are at their worst is probably not the time to "learn by doing."

I have always tried to minimize the distances I have to run in order to get to locations I plan to hunt, especially when weather conditions get really snotty. Best practice is to have a good idea of exactly what happens to these put-in locations when the weather changes the degree of difficulty for launching & taking out. Beyond that, I'm afraid you're just going to have to "layer" information as the years pass. For a long time, I kept small notebooks with information about areas on the River that I hunted. Knowing something as simple as compass directions at the places you frequent, how wind conditions & direction, water levels, overnight temps., etc., are likely to affect the circumstances of your hunt in a given location --- can all help you to decide whether a partner to accompany you is a good idea, or what might need to be thrown in the back of the truck or in the boat to keep you out of trouble on any given day (or help you to decide that it's best to just call things off 'til another time).

In addition to wind & weather information, many of the NWS sites have reliable, real-time charting of river stage forecasts for your areas. Combined with your "layered" knowledge of what happens in your favorite spots under different conditions you can access stuff that's a huge help in keeping your outings safe.

I was fortunate to come up with guys who taught me a healthy respect for the indifferent power of the River and its capacity to turn on you in an instant, and just that perspective has served me well over the years. The River scares me too.... and that's one of the best places to start. A healthy respect for it is something you should never lose.


Bob
 
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If I could add a few more to the already good suggestions.

1. Go to the DNR and get good maps of the river. While maps are static and taken at a particular point in time, they are a good reference for pointing out wing dams, channel markers, etc…
2. Always know the way out if something should go wrong. I don;t hunt anywhere without knowing how I could get out of a bad situation should something happen.
3. I wouldn't worry about barges, they are slow and you can see them long ways off. If you are hunting rivers where the barges really get going, I would be concerned about how close you would be hunting near one as the wakes can be huge. When I was younger and dumber, we would follow barges and jump the wakes.
4. My preference is a nice Vee hull aluminum boat. There is all kinds of crap in rivers and a Vee hull is stable and the aluminum will take more abuse than a wooden or fiberglass boat. We're currently hunting our of a Lund SSV-14 and it holds our gear and two hunters with no worries of overloading.
5. Get a nice pop up blind. Best spot on the river may not have enough natural vegetation to hide amongst.
6. I couldn't agree more with traveling the river a few times in early light or daylight so you gain some knowledge wfor when it is dark. Nothing ever looks the same when it is dark I realize but having a semi working knowledge from traveling in the day is beneficial.

River hunting is the best. It is what I hunt 90% of the time.

Mark W
 
I am new to river hunting myself .Been here 4 winters now
I came from South Jersey salt marshes with their mud and tides to the Missouri river with its level fluctuations ,rocks and nice hard bottoms.
I own 3 boats to hunt from, a 14 ft crestliner with a jet motor, a 13 ft carsten pintail which paddles with a kayak paddle and a poke boat that I've had for over 20 yrs now.
The crestliner is good if water levels are high and its not too cold (I dont trust boat motors in temps like I have here in the winter)
The boats I use the most are the poke and pintail. Most places are not far from a drive up entrance points and with the low winter waters its easer for me to use the small boats and just paddle. Plus the small boats are easy to drag up to the edge of cover , the crestliner is not.
I dont hunt a dog in the extreme low temps here on water but thats my design so the light paddle boats make retrieving birds easy and fast.
I watch the weather and plan hunts on days that are at least warmer (mid 20s ) then some.
Today it is 5 degrees and snowing with a 25 mph wind, not a day I want to sit on a river.
I dress warm and am careful and everything works out fine.

I use Google earth to find possible good spots on the river to try before doing any hunting, then check them out ,this should be done in warmer weather like most scouting

This was a hunt last Dec





 
Lots of good advice so far. I see your location is SE South Dakota so I assume that you are asking about the Missouri upstream of Souix Falls. I can''t answer any questions about appropriate boats or gear there. But I have done a lot of boating on rivers from the Potomac to the Columbia. First thing to keep in mind is that things change every day and within the day. Current speed, direction and water depth are constantly changing even on "controled" rivers. Logs, debris, junk is always moving. Sandbars will come and go with something as seemingly meaningless as a single tree falling into the water creating a eddy or something many miles away like a new dam or placing a power turbine in an existing dam. So you need to stay alert and make careful observations through the day, season and year. While hunting the Potomac near the base of some rapids I once noticed my decoys beginning to move strangely. I quickly picked them up and pulled my boat in tight against a rock ledge. A minute or 2 later an ice jamb that had been building the entire day in the rapids above me blew out and about 200 yards of ice bergs scoured out the pool I had been hunting. That ice would have carried me and my decoys downstream a long way. I now hunt on the Columbia near the mouth where it is almost 5 miles wide. You can be 2 miles offshore an run into a sandbar even at high tide. As has been said when the wind and current or tide are in opposite directions expect wind waves, swell and generally nasty water conditions. While ships and barges maybe slow (most ocean going freighters are traveling at 10-12 knots), they push out huge wakes and take miles to stop. Be careful crossing in front of them because if your motor quits you'll be run over. Likewise even if you are anchored, watch their wake. I once had a passing ship wake lift my 17 foot aluminum boat onto the beach and filled it with 300 gallons of water and sand. The last thing I'll add that RL mentioned, is understand how water moves and deposits it's load or scours holes. I call it think like a river. Outside corners on bends will be deep while insides will be shallow. Upstream ends of islands have generally steeper banks while downstream ends usually have long shallow bars trailing off behind them. I run my area at low tide (we get up to 10 feet of tide too, and yes that is enough to make the river run upstream at about 2-3 mph on the incoming flood) and mark logs and obstructions on my GPS. I also watch very carefully because I know that they will move and new logs can appear overnight. I never motor at night or when I can't see what is in the water.
 
Well, The Missouri is not the same as the Mississippi... but I hunt the Mississippi out of a someone's version of a TDB14 classic. I run a 2007 Yamaha 25hp... The TDB handles waves and big water, just go slow.


BTW- it is for sale.... ;)
 
Joe, I can't add much to the advice above. If you'll be running a lot of shallow, rocky rivers, and especially anything with some whitewater, consider a jet drive motor instead of a prop. This will radically change how your boat handles.

Nothing on earth is more fun than running boats on rivers.

"The face of the water, in time, became a wonderful book--a book that was a dead language to the uneducated passenger, but which told its mind to me without reserve, delivering its most cherished secrets as clearly as if it uttered them with a voice. And it was not a book to be read once and thrown aside, for it had a new story to tell every day.
- Mark Twain, Life on the Mississippi, Ch. 9

 
Guys,
This has been a fascinating read. Great thread. I am about to start float hunting the Edisto in South Carolina. I don't have to worry about freezing temps but many of the other points apply: plan a way out in case of trouble, watch ahead, go slow, watch for widow makers in the water, have respect for the power of moving water.

What a great thread,
Larry Eckart
 
Thank you all for the input. And maybe fear was a bad choice of words but rather a healthy respect would be more appropriate, I have spent a lot of time on the water, including small rivers, but I'm thinking about making a different leap (at least in my mind) with winter bigger water rivers.

There are stretches of the Missouri here in SD that allow for the only open water in the state some seasons (like this one) and waterfowling opportunities into January. Many areas have people use big boats (unfortunately popularized and subsequently ruined by the Take 'Em videos) and then other areas I think the small boats would work as they are more "wild and natural" areas similar to how the river was before the dams. I spend a lot of time chasing prairie chickens and sharptail grouse and learning to hunt the river would open up duck hunting on those extended weekend trips. It's something I have wanted to explore the entire time I have lived here but always put it on the back burner. When everything locked up in early November (to the point of people ice fishing) I figured it was time to look into this option and begin exploring next summer.

I'm just looking at options for boats, motors and learning a river and I greatly appreciate all the input shared here.

Keep it coming!
Joe
 
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